How to calculate mortgage payoff
Payoff months = −ln(1 − P·r÷pay) ÷ ln(1 + r), where r = annual rate ÷ 12
Worked example. New payoff time: 20.3 years.
Example inputs — Current loan balance: $300,000; Interest rate: 6.5 %; Years remaining: 25; Extra payment per month: $200. Starting values are illustrative.
Paid off in 20 yr 3 mo — 58 months sooner
From George Guju, founder of Calculyn · Educational calculator guidance, not professional advice.
How it works
Extra payments go straight to principal, so less interest accrues every following month. Even a small extra amount can cut years off a long loan.
Using the mortgage payoff estimate
An extra mortgage payment can reduce the balance before later interest is charged. This tool estimates the payoff-time and interest effect of adding a constant amount to each month's principal-and-interest installment. It starts from the current balance and years remaining, rather than the home's price. The result helps compare recurring overpayments with the scheduled loan, while leaving taxes, insurance and other ownership expenses outside the repayment calculation.
Step-by-step inputs
- Current loan balance. Use remaining principal from your statement. Do not enter the home's market value or include future interest as though it were already owed. Starting example: $300,000 .
- Interest rate. Enter the fixed annual rate on the loan being repaid. A changing-rate mortgage needs updated scenarios rather than one lifetime assumption. Starting example: 6.5 %.
- Years remaining. Use years remaining, not years already paid. The calculator reconstructs the baseline payment from this balance and term. Starting example: 25 .
- Extra payment per month. Enter additional principal every month, on top of the modeled required installment. It is not the total payment including escrow. Starting example: $200 .
Worked example with the starting values
Using the starting inputs, the estimate is New payoff time: 20.3 years.
The regular payment is calculated from current principal, rate and remaining term. The extra amount is added to that payment to shorten the payoff calculation. Interest saved compares the scheduled loan with the constant-extra scenario; it is not a reduction in property tax or insurance.
Paid off in 20 yr 3 mo — 58 months sooner
- Monthly payment (principal & interest)
- $2,026
- Interest without extra payments
- $309,712
- Interest with extra payments
- $240,826
- Interest saved
- $68,886
Compare extra payment per month scenarios
All other inputs stay at their starting values. These are modeled comparisons, not quotes, predictions or individual recommendations.
| Extra payment per month | New payoff time |
|---|---|
| $100 | 22.3 years |
| $200 | 20.3 years |
| $400 | 17.2 years |
Make a useful comparison
Choose an extra amount you can sustain without missing required payments or using emergency reserves. Paying principal sooner reduces loan interest, but also turns accessible cash into home equity. That money may not be easy to recover when an unexpected bill arrives.
Ask the servicer how to designate an overpayment as principal. An amount applied to a future installment or held temporarily can behave differently from the prompt principal reduction assumed here. Review the following statement to see how it was credited.
Compare several extra-payment levels before choosing a goal. A modest repeatable amount may be more practical than an aggressive schedule that relies on every future month being inexpensive. Recalculate after a large lump sum or a refinance changes the balance.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Do not treat an escrow payment as additional principal. Taxes and insurance remain payable even after the mortgage is cleared.
- The model does not include prepayment penalties, changing rates or missed payments. Check the loan contract and servicing terms before acting.
- The payoff time is a mathematical estimate, not a dated payoff quote. Final interest and small installment adjustments depend on the lender's payment timing.
Assumptions & limitations
- Results are rounded for display.
Formula and assumptions reviewed October 2026 by the Calculyn team. How we build our calculators
Frequently asked questions
Is it better to invest the extra money?
Paying down a 6.5% mortgage is like a guaranteed 6.5% return. Whether investing beats it depends on your risk tolerance and tax situation.
Does extra principal lower the next required installment?
Not necessarily. This model keeps the scheduled installment and shortens payoff. A formal recast, if available, is a separate lender process.
What should I check after sending extra money?
Confirm that the servicer applied it to principal as intended and that the remaining balance changed accordingly.
